Relationship between Bonds and interest rate is inverse:
Bond yields and interest rates are inversely related. When interest rates go up, bond yields and prices go down, and conversely. This is due to the fact that when interest rates are higher, newly issued bonds pay a higher return, hence older bonds with lower coupon rates are less desirable.
Explanation:
Inverse Relationship
Interest rates and bond prices tend to move in the opposite direction. As interest rates increase, bond prices decrease, whereas as interest rates decrease, bond prices increase.
Bond Yield:
Bond yield is the overall return an investor achieves by holding a bond, in terms of interest payments and capital gains or losses due to changes in price.
Higher Bond Yields: In order to make outstanding bonds more attractive to buyers in an increase rate scenario, their price decreases, resulting in higher yields.
Effect of Decreasing Interest Rates:
Higher Bond Prices: When interest rates decrease, current bonds are more attractive since higher coupon payments on these bonds are more competitive than newer bonds sold at lower rates.
Lower Bond Yields: To make current bonds less desirable to investors in a declining rate scenario, their prices increase, resulting in the yields of their bonds decreasing.
Effect of Increased Interest Rates:
Lower Bond Prices: As interest rates increase, outstanding bonds are less desirable since they have lower coupon rates than newly issued bonds with higher rates.